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Table 4 Perceived efficiency in preventing tail biting of the different manipulable materials given in the questionnaire

From: Managing undocked pigs – on-farm prevention of tail biting and attitudes towards tail biting and docking

Material

N c

Average (standard deviation)d

Median (interquartile range)d

Straw

61

5.64 (1.74)

6 (2)

Newspaper

61

5.44 (1.55)

6 (3)

Hay

37

5.21 (1.82)

6 (3)

Cardboard or paper sacks

46

5.13 (1.58)

5 (2)

Chain

58

4.75 (1.79)

5 (3)

Unprocessed, fresh wooda

47

4.63 (1.81)

5 (3)

Sawdust/wood shavings

52

4.57 (1.94)

5 (4)

Rope

45

4.41 (1.64)

5 (2)

Peat

29

4.37 (2.08)

4.5 (3)

Ball or other object attached to a chain

47

4.31 (1.78)

4 (3)

Processed, dry woodb

34

3.89 (1.91)

4 (4)

Ball or other object loose on the floor

53

3.71 (1.72)

4 (3)

Commercial pig toy

39

3.68 (1.51)

4 (2)

  1. aSuch as branches, a piece of tree trunk
  2. bSuch as a piece of plank
  3. cNumber of respondents that had experience of the material in question
  4. dScale: 1 (not at all efficient) to 7 (very efficient)