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Table 2 Mean occurrence and SD of active behaviours and resting postures recorded during the scan sampling of sows from the IDAL and NEEDLE groups

From: Effect of the needle-free “intra dermal application of liquids” vaccination on the welfare of pregnant sows

24 h Before Vaccination

Social behaviour and other active behaviours (%)

IDAL

NEEDLE

P

 Social negative

1.1 ± 1.52

3.1 ± 3.19

0.0582

 Social positive

3.1 ± 4.02

5.6 ± 5.13

0.3307

 Drinking

2.1 ± 2.89

4.0 ± 3.87

0.2343

 Exploration

21.8 ± 12.98

30.2 ± 8.04

0.2124

 Active total

53.1 ± 28.83

55.6 ± 24.89

0.8212

Resting posture (%)

 Lying total

55.9 ± 29.36

54.1 ± 26.18

0.9021

 Lying ventrally

90.0 ± 15.41

93.4 ± 8.45

0.3979

 Sitting

0.9 ± 2.14

0.6 ± 1.39

0.6880

24 h Post-Vaccination

Social behaviour and other active behaviours (%)

 Social negative

4.1 ± 2.90

5.1 ± 3.93

0.4919

 Social positive

2.4 ± 2.44

2.3 ± 2.76

0.9277

 Drinking

4.7 ± 2.65

3.2 ± 4.82

0.4757

 Exploration

18.0 ± 9.64

21.6 ± 14.69

0.6060

Active total

45.6 ± 17.52

29.1 ± 19.11

0.0309

 Resting posture (%)

 Lying total

67.2 ± 17.07

78.0 ± 19.91

0.8321

 Lying ventrally

72.0 ± 15.99

65.1 ± 12.10

0.2202

 Sitting

1.4 ± 2.41

1.1 ± 2.10

0.1901