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Table 5 Effects of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on hepatic free amino acid profile in finishing pigs (mg/kg dry liver)

From: Guanidine acetic acid supplementation altered plasma and tissue free amino acid profiles in finishing pigs

Items

GAA, mg/kg

SEM

P-value

0

500

1000

1500

ANOVA

Linear

Quadratic

EAA

Threonine

2.43

2.17

2.47

2.21

0.15

0.427

0.603

0.990

Valine

3.06

2.71

3.02

2.72

0.16

0.301

0.357

0.903

Isoleucine

1.05

0.93

1.13

1.02

0.07

0.323

0.701

0.928

Leucine

7.24

6.17

7.29

6.40

0.41

0.169

0.468

0.835

Phenylalanine

2.88

2.40

2.93

2.63

0.18

0.163

0.779

0.626

Tryptophan

3.31

3.50

3.38

3.65

0.71

0.987

0.775

0.955

Lysine

3.27

2.77

3.42

3.03

0.24

0.309

0.946

0.831

Histidine

2.36

2.04

2.20

2.13

0.17

0.596

0.489

0.441

Arginine

0.67

0.51

0.78

0.66

0.07

0.146

0.502

0.840

NEAA

Serine

3.25

3.05

3.88

2.91

0.38

0.327

0.908

0.330

Glycine

9.93

10.02

10.15

8.81

0.46

0.183

0.133

0.140

Alanine

10.24

8.48

8.59

8.81

1.63

0.871

0.586

0.564

Glutamate

12.82

10.00

12.24

9.99

1.28

0.328

0.311

0.834

Glutamine

3.12

2.68

2.70

2.53

0.57

0.900

0.503

0.818

aspartic acid

3.00

2.12

3.37

2.49

0.41

0.227

0.895

0.991

Asparagine

1.26

1.23

1.32

1.29

0.09

0.925

0.688

0.950

Cystine

0.07

0.05

0.06

0.06

0.01

0.673

0.743

0.494

Tyrosine

2.41

1.98

2.41

2.18

0.17

0.306

0.756

0.611

Proline

6.39

6.30

6.35

7.01

0.80

0.939

0.644

0.687

Non-protein amino acids and derivatives/metabolites of amino acids

Ornithine

1.81

1.72

1.93

2.04

0.16

0.614

0.273

0.577

Taurine

23.79

25.21

24.74

22.87

2.19

0.883

0.749

0.469

Citrulline

0.08

0.08

0.09

0.08

0.01

0.902

0.873

0.590

β-alanine

0.62

0.52

0.55

0.69

0.08

0.472

0.504

0.159

Cystathionine

3.39

2.83

3.36

3.08

0.23

0.300

0.699

0.554

α-aminoadipic acid

2.36

2.62

2.72

2.26

0.47

0.892

0.934

0.459

α-amino-n-butyric acid

1.11

0.78

1.13

1.10

0.13

0.221

0.595

0.287

β-aminoisobutyric acid

0.88

0.71

0.86

0.75

0.09

0.437

0.576

0.724

γ-amino-n-butyric acid

0.05c

0.30b

0.34b

0.41a

0.01

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Anserine

1.93

1.26

2.03

1.50

0.20

0.069

0.668

0.789

Carnosine

1.68a

1.29ab

0.90b

1.78a

0.19

0.014

0.936

0.004

Ethanolamine

0.84

0.89

0.86

0.93

0.18

0.987

0.775

0.955

Urea

3.89

5.79

3.94

4.44

0.81

0.309

0.996

0.178

Ammonia

1.63

1.54

1.55

1.57

0.06

0.753

0.549

0.394

∑EAA

26.26

23.19

26.27

24.45

1.47

0.408

0.727

0.679

∑NEAA

86.53

80.57

86.59

79.20

4.46

0.566

0.454

0.880

TAA

112.75

103.69

112.73

103.50

5.85

0.530

0.498

0.989

  1. SEM standard error of the mean, EAA essential amino acids, NEAA nonessential amino acids, TAA total amino acids
  2. Dietary treatments were: basal diet + 0, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg GAA, respectively. n = 6
  3. a, b, c Mean within rows with different letters differ significantly (P < 0.05)
  4. Bold indicates P < 0.05
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Porcine Health Management

ISSN: 2055-5660

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