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Table 5 Clinical findings in shoulder lesions of Score-Ha Stagesb 0 to 5 (number of findings; % in brackets)

From: Scoring shoulder ulcers in breeding sows – is a distinction between substantial and insubstantial animal welfare-related lesions possible on clinical examination?

Clinical parameter

Stage 0

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

Stage 5

Hairless

12

(40)

26

(86.7)

30

(100)

30

(100)

30

(100)

25

(83.3)

Intact

30

(100)

0

(0)

0

(0)

0

(0)

0

(0)

18

(60)

Reddening

9

(30)

21

(70)

22

(73.3)

24

(80)

24

(80)

16

(53.3)

Scratch

7

(23.3)

10

(33.3)

6

(20)

7

(23.3)

4

(13.3)

5

(16.7)

Scratches (≥ 2)

9

(30)

18

(60)

10

(33.3)

10

(33.3)

6

(20)

10

(33.3)

Scar

0

(0)

8

(26.7)

14

(46.7)

8

(26.7)

7

(23.3)

30

(100)

Powmc

0

(0)

0

(0)

1

(3.3)

10

(33.3)

21

(70)

0

(0)

Scab

0

(0)

30

(100)

30

(100)

30

(100)

30

(100)

12

(40)

Mass

0

(0)

5

(16.7)

8

(26.7)

19

(63.3)

28

(93.3)

1

(3.3)

Mass > 4 cm

0

(0)

0

(0)

0

(0)

5

(16.7)

16

(53.3)

0

(0)

Fluctuation of mass

0

(0)

3

(10)

2

(6.7)

5

(16.7)

3

(10)

1

(3.3)

Movable mass

0

(0)

4

(13.3)

3

(10)

8

(26.7)

3

(10)

0

(0)

  1. aHistopathological Score
  2. bn = 30 sows per Score-H Stage
  3. cProliferation of wound margin