Fig. 1

Mean B. hyodysenteriae counts estimated using real-time PCR in the pens sampled. Mean values ± standard deviations of log₁₀ CFU/mL estimated using real-time PCR in all B. hyodysenteriae-positive pens before cleaning (BC) included in this study (A) as well as on farm A (B) and farm B (C). A two-step protocol including power washing and disinfection with Hypred Force 7 was carried out on Farm A while Farm B cleaning and disinfection protocol included pre-soaking with cold water and detergent, power washing with cold water and final disinfection with MS Megades Oxy. * Denotes statistically significant differences when compared with the B. hyodysenteriae counts before cleaning protocol (p < 0.05). Statistical analysis could not be made for Farm A because only one B. hyodysenteriae-positive pen was identified after cleaning and before disinfection (AC) and after disinfection (AD)