Table 3 Application effects of probiotics in pigs
From: Mechanisms and applications of probiotics in prevention and treatment of swine diseases
References | Tested animals and adding time | Probiotics and supplemental levels | Effects |
|---|---|---|---|
Yi et al. [110] | Weaned pigs (21 days of age) | 5 × 1010CFU/kg Lactobacillus reuteri LR1 | Improved intestinal morpho-logical structure; Increased intestinal absorption area; Increased in digestibility of diet nutrients; Improved growth performance |
He et al. [111] | Weaned pigs (21 days of age) | 10 ml 1 × 109CFU/ml Lactobacillus johnsonii L531 | |
Sun et al. [55] | Weaned pigs (21 days of age) | L. acidophilus, L. casei, B. thermophilum and E. faecium with the concentration of 0.25 × 108 CFU/g for each strain | |
Fu et al. [78] | Weaned pig1s (body weight of 6.89 ± 0.15 kg) | 2 × 109CFU/kg Bacillus coagulans , or 2.5 × 1010CFU/kg yeast hydrolysate | |
Inatomi et al. [112] | Pregnant sows | 1 × 106CFU/g B. mesentericus TO-A、1 × 106CFU/g C. butyricum TO-A, 1 × 108CFU/g E. faecalis T-110 | Improved immune capacity; Reduced the incidence of intestinal diseases such as diarrhea and intestinal inflammation |
Long et al. [71] | Weaned pigs (32 days of age) | 1 × 1010CFU/g yeast | |
Li et al. [113] | Weaned pigs (25 ± 2 days of age) | 1 × 107CFU/kg B. subtilis | |
Li et al. [114] | Weaned pigs (21 days of age) | 10ml 5 × 109CFU/ml Lactobacillus delbrueckii | |
Zhao et al. [115] | Weaned pigs (21 ± 2 days of age) | 6 × 106CFU/kg Lactobacillus casei | |
Zhang et al. [116] | Weaned pigs (1 days of age) | 10ml 1 × 109CFU/ml Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG | Modulated intestinal micro-flora; Enhanced epithelial barrier |
Ding et al. [117] | Weaned pigs (21 days of age) | 500 g t− 1 B. subtilis DSM 32,315 | |
Zhang et al. [118] | Weaned pigs (26 ± 1 days of age) | 1 × 109CFU/kg Clostridium butyrate | |
Cao et al. [100] | Finishing pigs | 1 × 108CFU/kg BaSC06 |