Influence of the circadian cycle, sex and production stage on the reference values of parameters related to stress and pathology in porcine saliva

Table 3 Reference range intervals in commercial pigs at different production stages for salivary biomarkers not sex-influenced

Salivary biomarker¹	Reference Interval	Lower and Upper Confidence Interval	N
Pig-MAP
Post-weaning	7.07–100.64	4.44–7.19; 98.69–207.72	156
Growing	4.37–29.30	3.43–5.24; 26.01–33.92	117
Finishing	3.65–36.79	2.72–3.74; 35.56–68.73	124
S100A12
Post-weaning	7.75–99.77	1.76–7.92; 100.24 – NA²	156
Growing	3.59–64.32	4.67–3.99; 64.58 – NA²	130
Finishing	6.61–60.68	3.24–8.38; 44.71–68.87	115
TP
Post-weaning	0.36–1.78	0.21–0.37; 1.78–2.30	157
Growing	0.76–3.20	0.43–0.78; 3.19–4.74	126
Finishing	0.31–2.08	0.14–0.37; 2.03–2.39	119
OSI
Post-weaning	0.32–1.37	0.27–0.33; 1.77 – NA²	160
Growing	0.49–1.61	0.42–0.49; 2.09 – NA²	130
Finishing	0.42–1.88	0.34–0.44; 2.24 – NA²	122
α-amylase
Post-weaning	36.19–1576.61	19.0–36.03; 1577.24–1685.32	160
Growing	57.90–1174.28	28.82–58.95; 1079.44–1579.21	131
Finishing	27.83–1027.53	22.27–28.82; 918.97–1632.92	124

¹Pig-MAP (ng/mL); S100A12 (µg/mL); TP (mg/mL); OSI (Ratio TOS/TAC); α-amylase (U/L).
²NA = not available

ISSN: 2055-5660