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Table 4 Reference range intervals in male and female pigs at different production stages for salivary biomarkers

From: Influence of the circadian cycle, sex and production stage on the reference values of parameters related to stress and pathology in porcine saliva

Salivary biomarker1

Male pigs

Female pigs

Reference interval

Confidence interval

N

Reference interval

Confidence interval

N

CRP

      

Post-weaning

3.99–14.39

3.50–4.59; 10.79–17.13

79

5.53–29.60

5.13–6.13; 20.79–33.79

79

Growing

4.47–16.20

3.88–4.81; -13.62–18.24

64

4.62–15.00

3.85–5.10; 2.57–17.02

67

Finishing

4.69–14.56

4.46–4.85; 7.82–18.96

62

6.25–12.97

5.84–6.80; 12.24–14.95

53

Hp

      

Post-weaning

0.28–2.40

0.21–0.43; 1.72–2.70

79

0.31–4.35

0.19–0.40; 3.36–5.69

79

Growing

0.20–1.43

0.08–0.31; 1.09–1.57

59

0.20–2.44

0.12–0.30; 1.84–2.88

67

Finishing

0.07–2.14

0.00–0.08; 1.82–2.78

62

0.09–2.35

-0.01–0.11; 1.49–3.17

61

ADA

      

Post-weaning

1.23–5.39

1.14–1.35; 3.38–5.77

80

1.32–6.26

1.07–1.59; 5.10–6.81

80

Growing

1.96–7.92

1.30–2.45; 3.31–8.94

64

1.60–11.60

0.36–2.12; 9.94–13.46

67

Finishing

2.81–13.37

2.46–3.35; 0.10–16.04

62

2.20–20.53

1.33–2.58; 19.20–24.38

62

Cu

      

Post-weaning

0.46–3.52

0.33–0.61; 3.38–4.18

64

0.34–4.29

0.09–0.42; 3.92–5.02

71

Growing

0.69–2.94

0.63–0.82; 2.49–3.56

51

0.82–4.96

0.5–0.9; 4.22–5.59

54

Finishing

0.00–3.32

-0.19–0.01; 3.11–3.57

54

0.27–4.70

0.12–0.35; 4.28–5.75

53

Zn

      

Post-weaning

0.93–4.44

0.57–1 02; 3.84–5.20

76

0.77–5.89

0 56–0.85; 4.77–7.12

80

Growing

1.01–6.44

0.65–1.07; 5.85–8.15

64

1.35–9.08

1.01–1.86; 9.06–11.06

65

Finishing

0.60–4.96

0.36–0.71; 1.10–5.83

62

0.65–6.74

0.53–0.93; 4.54–7.23

62

TAC

      

Post-weaning

3.57–31.59

2.39–3.93; 19.11–35.14

80

3.29–40.75

1.17–3.75; 27.18–47.07

80

Growing

6.83–51.87

5.26–8.45; 6.49–58.33

64

13.50–102.94

11.90–18.00; 99.36–133.69

67

Finishing

4.02–47.36

1.67–5.48; 9.86–54.00

62

8.83–85.30

6.83–11.56; 67.10–108.17

62

TOS

      

Post-weaning

3.94–15.57

3.26–4.46; 13.63–17.84

77

2.79–21.17

1.61–3.62; 10 01–26.21

79

Growing

5.02–62.49

2.38–7.21; 51.37–73.97

64

8.39–70.01

7.02–10.69; 55.31–84.51

67

Finishing

3.88–61.68

2.45–5.72; 43.82–78.64

62

3.43–102.52

1.04–4.13; 72.30–139.37

62

Cortisol

      

Post-weaning

0.01–0.17

0.01–0.02; 0.16–0.20

75

0.01–0.15

0.00–0.02; 0.14–0.18

73

Growing

0.03–0.21

0.01–0.03; 0.17–0.27

62

0.07–0.37

0.06–0.11; 0.33–0.45

65

Finishing

0.01–0.28

-0.00–0.02; 0.23–0.31

58

0.01–0.37

-0.01–0.01; 0.26–0.45

61

1CRP (ng/mL); Hp (𝛍g/mL); ADA (U/mL); Cu (𝛍g/mL); Zn (𝛍g/mL); TAC (µM Trolox equivalents/L); TOS (µM Peroxidase equivalents/L); Cortisol (𝛍g/dL).